Difference between revisions of "Lechea sessiliflora"
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{{taxobox | {{taxobox | ||
| name = Lechea sessiliflora | | name = Lechea sessiliflora | ||
| − | | image = | + | | image = Lech sess.jpg |
| − | | image_caption = | + | | image_caption = Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), [http://www.florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Default.aspx Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants] |
| regnum = Plantae | | regnum = Plantae | ||
| divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | | divisio = Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants | ||
| classis = Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons | | classis = Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons | ||
| ordo = Fabales | | ordo = Fabales | ||
| − | | familia = | + | | familia = Cistaceae |
| genus = ''Lechea'' | | genus = ''Lechea'' | ||
| species = '''''L. sessiliflora''''' | | species = '''''L. sessiliflora''''' | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | Common name: | + | Common name: Pineland pinweed<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
==Taxonomic notes== | ==Taxonomic notes== | ||
| + | Synonyms: ''Lechea patula'' Leggett; ''L. exserta'' Small; ''L. prismatica'' Small.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Varieties: none.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''Lechea'' species can be hard to distinguish from each other due to microscopic differences, often leading to problems with correct nomenclature.<ref name=bar> Barringer, K. (2004). "New Jersey Pinweeds (Lechea, Cistaceae)." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 131(3): 261-276.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| + | ''Lechea sessiliflora'' is a herbaceous perennial distinguished from other ''Lechea'' species by having a conspicuously exserted, ellipsoid capsule that is capped by a reddish-brown fimbriate stigma.<ref name="spaulding">[[http://www.phytoneuron.net/2013Phytoneuron/99PhytoN-LecheaAlabama.pdf]]Accessed January 11, 2016</ref> The species in ''Lechea'' have a distinctive calyx with the two outer sepals very different in size and shape from the three inner sepals.<ref name=bar/> It is often mistaken for ''L. deckertii'' because both species have prominently exserted straw-colored capsules with persistent stigmas. The easiest way to distinguish these two species is by the length of the outer slender sepals and the shape of the capsules. ''L. sessiliflora'' has ellipsoid capsules and the narrow outer sepals are almost equaling or a little longer than the broad inner sepals.<ref name="spaulding"/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''L. sessiliflora'' does not have specialized underground storage units apart from its taproot.<ref name="Diaz"> Diaz-Toribio, M.H. and F. E. Putz 2021. Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire-maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA. American Journal of Botany 108: 432-442.</ref> Diaz-Toribio and Putz (2021) recorded this species to have an non-structural carbohydrate concentration of 143.2 mg/g (ranking 45 out of 100 species studied) and water content of 46.7% (ranking 62 out of 100 species studied).<ref name="Diaz"/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | According to Diaz-Torbio and Putz (2021), ''Lechea sessiflora'' has taproots with a below-ground to above-ground biomass ratio of 0.395 and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration of 143.2 mg g<sup>-1</sup>.<ref>Diaz‐Toribio, M. H. and F. E. Putz. 2021. Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire‐maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA. American Journal of Botany 108(3):432-442.</ref> | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | This plant ranges from southern North Carolina to southern Florida, then west to southern Mississippi.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| − | + | Habitats include longleaf pine-wiregrass communities, pine-scrub oak barrens, coastal scrubs, and dry pine flatwoods. It is found in disturbed areas such as cutover pine communities, sandy roadsides, former live oak plantations, and along railroad tracks. ''L. sessiliflora'' was found to decrease its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in Southwest Georgia. It has shown resistance to regrowth in reestablished native savanna habitat that was disturbed by agricultural practices.<ref>Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.</ref> | |
| + | |||
| + | Associated species include ''Dalea, Eupatorium, Liatris, Pityopsis, Symphotrichum'', and ''Schizachyrium''. Soil types include loamy sand and sand.<ref name="FSU Herbarium">Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: [http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu]. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: C. Anderson, M. Davis, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, H. Roth. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Jackson, Leon, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton. Georgia: Grady. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''Lechea sessiliflora'' is an indicator species for the Peninsula Xeric Sandhills community type and is frequent and abundant in the North Florida SUbxeric Sandhills community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).<ref>Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.</ref> | ||
===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ===Phenology=== <!--Timing off flowering, fruiting, seed dispersal, and environmental triggers. Cite PanFlora website if appropriate: http://www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ --> | ||
| − | ''L. sessiliflora'' | + | ''L. sessiliflora'' flowers from July through August and fruits from August through October.<ref name="weakley">Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> |
===Seed dispersal=== | ===Seed dispersal=== | ||
| + | This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.<ref>Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
===Seed bank and germination=== | ===Seed bank and germination=== | ||
| − | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | + | Kirkman found the vulnerability ratio for soil disturbance to be 3/3(reference sites/recovery sites).<ref name=kay> Kirkman, L. K., K. L. Coffey, et al. (2004). "Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna." Journal of Ecology 92(3): 409-421.</ref> |
| + | <!--===Fire ecology===--> <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | ||
===Pollination=== | ===Pollination=== | ||
| − | The following Hymenoptera | + | The following Hymenoptera species were observed visiting flowers of ''Lechea sessiliflora'' at the Archbold Biological Station:<ref name="Deyrup 2015">Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | Sweat bees from the family Halictidae: ''Lasioglossum placidensis'' | ||
| + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--> | ||
| + | <!--===Diseases and parasites===--> | ||
| − | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== | |
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
| − | |||
Latest revision as of 09:03, 3 July 2024
| Lechea sessiliflora | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by Shirley Denton (Copyrighted, use by photographer’s permission only), Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Cistaceae |
| Genus: | Lechea |
| Species: | L. sessiliflora |
| Binomial name | |
| Lechea sessiliflora Raf. | |
| |
| Natural range of Lechea sessiliflora from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Common name: Pineland pinweed[1]
Contents
Taxonomic notes
Synonyms: Lechea patula Leggett; L. exserta Small; L. prismatica Small.[1]
Varieties: none.[1]
Lechea species can be hard to distinguish from each other due to microscopic differences, often leading to problems with correct nomenclature.[2]
Description
Lechea sessiliflora is a herbaceous perennial distinguished from other Lechea species by having a conspicuously exserted, ellipsoid capsule that is capped by a reddish-brown fimbriate stigma.[3] The species in Lechea have a distinctive calyx with the two outer sepals very different in size and shape from the three inner sepals.[2] It is often mistaken for L. deckertii because both species have prominently exserted straw-colored capsules with persistent stigmas. The easiest way to distinguish these two species is by the length of the outer slender sepals and the shape of the capsules. L. sessiliflora has ellipsoid capsules and the narrow outer sepals are almost equaling or a little longer than the broad inner sepals.[3]
L. sessiliflora does not have specialized underground storage units apart from its taproot.[4] Diaz-Toribio and Putz (2021) recorded this species to have an non-structural carbohydrate concentration of 143.2 mg/g (ranking 45 out of 100 species studied) and water content of 46.7% (ranking 62 out of 100 species studied).[4]
According to Diaz-Torbio and Putz (2021), Lechea sessiflora has taproots with a below-ground to above-ground biomass ratio of 0.395 and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration of 143.2 mg g-1.[5]
Distribution
This plant ranges from southern North Carolina to southern Florida, then west to southern Mississippi.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
Habitats include longleaf pine-wiregrass communities, pine-scrub oak barrens, coastal scrubs, and dry pine flatwoods. It is found in disturbed areas such as cutover pine communities, sandy roadsides, former live oak plantations, and along railroad tracks. L. sessiliflora was found to decrease its occurrence in response to soil disturbance by agriculture in Southwest Georgia. It has shown resistance to regrowth in reestablished native savanna habitat that was disturbed by agricultural practices.[6]
Associated species include Dalea, Eupatorium, Liatris, Pityopsis, Symphotrichum, and Schizachyrium. Soil types include loamy sand and sand.[7]
Lechea sessiliflora is an indicator species for the Peninsula Xeric Sandhills community type and is frequent and abundant in the North Florida SUbxeric Sandhills community type as described in Carr et al. (2010).[8]
Phenology
L. sessiliflora flowers from July through August and fruits from August through October.[1]
Seed dispersal
This species is thought to be dispersed by gravity.[9]
Seed bank and germination
Kirkman found the vulnerability ratio for soil disturbance to be 3/3(reference sites/recovery sites).[10]
Pollination
The following Hymenoptera species were observed visiting flowers of Lechea sessiliflora at the Archbold Biological Station:[11]
Sweat bees from the family Halictidae: Lasioglossum placidensis
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Weakley, A.S. 2015. Flora of the southern and mid-atlantic states. Working Draft of 21 May 2015. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Barringer, K. (2004). "New Jersey Pinweeds (Lechea, Cistaceae)." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 131(3): 261-276.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 [[1]]Accessed January 11, 2016
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Diaz-Toribio, M.H. and F. E. Putz 2021. Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire-maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA. American Journal of Botany 108: 432-442.
- ↑ Diaz‐Toribio, M. H. and F. E. Putz. 2021. Underground carbohydrate stores and storage organs in fire‐maintained longleaf pine savannas in Florida, USA. American Journal of Botany 108(3):432-442.
- ↑ Kirkman, L.K., K.L. Coffey, R.J. Mitchell, and E.B. Moser. Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna. (2004). Journal of Ecology 92(3):409-421.
- ↑ Florida State University Robert K. Godfrey Herbarium database. URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: October 2015. Collectors: C. Anderson, M. Davis, Robert K. Godfrey, R. Komarek, H. Roth. States and Counties: Florida: Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Jackson, Leon, Suwannee, Taylor, Wakulla, Walton. Georgia: Grady. Compiled by Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy.
- ↑ Carr, S.C., K.M. Robertson, and R.K. Peet. 2010. A vegetation classification of fire-dependent pinelands of Florida. Castanea 75:153-189.
- ↑ Kirkman, L. Katherine. Unpublished database of seed dispersal mode of plants found in Coastal Plain longleaf pine-grasslands of the Jones Ecological Research Center, Georgia.
- ↑ Kirkman, L. K., K. L. Coffey, et al. (2004). "Ground Cover Recovery Patterns and Life-History Traits: Implications for Restoration Obstacles and Opportunities in a Species-Rich Savanna." Journal of Ecology 92(3): 409-421.
- ↑ Deyrup, M.A. and N.D. 2015. Database of observations of Hymenoptera visitations to flowers of plants on Archbold Biological Station, Florida, USA.
