Difference between revisions of "Platanthera ciliaris"
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| + | Common Names: yellow fringed orchid <ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | ||
<!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | <!-- Get the taxonomy information from the NRCS Plants database --> | ||
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==Taxonomic Notes== | ==Taxonomic Notes== | ||
| + | Synonyms: ''Habenaria ciliaris'' (Linnaeus) R. Brown; ''Blephariglottis ciliaris'' (Linneaus) Rydberg<ref name=weakley>Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Variety: none<ref name=weakley/> | ||
| + | |||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| + | ''P. ciliaris'' is a perennial forb/herb of the Orchidaceae family that is native to North America.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | ||
<!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | <!-- Basic life history facts such as annual/perrenial, monoecious/dioecious, root morphology, seed type, etc. --> | ||
| + | |||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | ''P. ciliaris'' is native to the eastern United States, reaching as far west as Texas, as well as Ontario, Canada.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | ||
| + | |||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
| − | ===Habitat=== <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | + | ===Habitat=== |
| − | + | Native habitat for ''P. ciliaris'' includes bogs, swamps, marshes, wet sandy barrens, thickets that border streams and ponds, moist woods, wet meadows, praires, and deep humus of upland forests.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref><ref name = "FSU herbarium"> URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: R.A. Norris, Leon Neel, R.K. GOdfrey, R. Komarek, Cecil SLaughter, Steve Gatewood, DB Ward, S.S> Ward, R. Kral, O. Lakela, Lovett E. Williams, M. Morgan, Angus Gholson, Steve Orzell, Edwin Bridges, Gary Knight, Sidney McDaniel, Wilson Baker, Chris THompson, Michael J. DeVuyst, K. Craddock Burks, S.W. Leonard, Robert Thorne, A.E. Radford, R.B. Channell,, H. F. L. ROck, R.M. Schuster, Randy Warren, David M. DuMond, S. B. Jones, Jean Wooten, R.F> Chrsitensen, C.C. CHristensen, John Nelson, J.R. Burkhalter, F.R. Hedges, Rob Buda, S.L. Orzell, E.L. Bridges, P. Sheridan, L.M. Kane. States and counties: Georgia (Thomas, Ben Hill, Murray, Toombs, Colquitt) FLorida (Jefferson, CLay, Madison, Orange, Nassau, Walton, Bay, Santa Rosa, Leon, Suwannee, Highlands, Pasco, Escambia, Jackson, Jefferson) North Carolina (Alleghany Pender) Virginia (Roanoke, Brunswick, Giles) Mississippi (Perry, Lamar, Jackson, Covington, Kemper) Alabama (Cullman, Baldwin, Mobile) South Carolina (Oconee, Fairfield)</ref> | |
| + | |||
| + | Shaded areas or partial sun is ideal for this orchid. Also, slightly acidic soils are ideal.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | ||
| + | <!--Natural communities, human disturbed habitats, topography, hydrology, soils, light, fire regime requirements for removal of competition, etc.--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Phenology=== | ||
| + | ''P. ciliaris'' has been observed flowering in July and September.<ref name= "Pan Flora"> Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 24 MAY 2018</ref> When flowering it prefers full sun; it has been observed that there are less dense flowers when lacking full sun.<ref name ="FFE">Observation by Floyd Griffith in Washington County, Fl., August 9, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group August 9, 2016.</ref> | ||
<!--===Seed dispersal===--> | <!--===Seed dispersal===--> | ||
<!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | <!--===Seed bank and germination===--> | ||
| − | + | ===Fire ecology=== <!--Fire tolerance, fire dependence, adaptive fire responses--> | |
| + | Populations of ''Platanthera ciliaris'' have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.<ref>Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.</ref> | ||
<!--===Pollination===--> | <!--===Pollination===--> | ||
| − | <!--=== | + | <!--===Herbivory and toxicology===--><!--Common herbivores, granivory, insect hosting, poisonous chemicals, allelopathy, etc--> |
| − | + | ===Diseases and parasites=== | |
| + | Slugs, snails, and cutworms are known to be pests for the ''P. ciliaris''.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | ||
| − | ==Conservation and | + | ==Conservation, cultivation, and restoration== |
| + | Due to habitat loss, harvesting, and land management practices such as fire suppression, there has been a decrease in ''P. ciliaris''. It has been listed as threatened in Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. It is also listed as endangered in Illinois, Indiana, new York, and Rhode Island. Canada is considered to be locally extinct.<ref name= "USDA"> [https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=CEAM USDA Plant Database]</ref> | ||
| − | == | + | ==Cultural use== |
==Photo Gallery== | ==Photo Gallery== | ||
<gallery widths=180px> | <gallery widths=180px> | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References and notes== | ==References and notes== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:52, 3 July 2023
Common Names: yellow fringed orchid [1]
| Platanthera ciliaris | |
|---|---|
| |
| Photo by John Gwaltney hosted at Southeastern Flora.com | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida - Dicots |
| Order: | Orchidales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Genus: | Platanthera |
| Species: | P. ciliaris |
| Binomial name | |
| Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindley | |
| |
| Natural range of Platanthera ciliaris from USDA NRCS Plants Database. | |
Contents
Taxonomic Notes
Synonyms: Habenaria ciliaris (Linnaeus) R. Brown; Blephariglottis ciliaris (Linneaus) Rydberg[2]
Variety: none[2]
Description
P. ciliaris is a perennial forb/herb of the Orchidaceae family that is native to North America.[1]
Distribution
P. ciliaris is native to the eastern United States, reaching as far west as Texas, as well as Ontario, Canada.[1]
Ecology
Habitat
Native habitat for P. ciliaris includes bogs, swamps, marshes, wet sandy barrens, thickets that border streams and ponds, moist woods, wet meadows, praires, and deep humus of upland forests.[1][3]
Shaded areas or partial sun is ideal for this orchid. Also, slightly acidic soils are ideal.[1]
Phenology
P. ciliaris has been observed flowering in July and September.[4] When flowering it prefers full sun; it has been observed that there are less dense flowers when lacking full sun.[5]
Fire ecology
Populations of Platanthera ciliaris have been known to persist through repeated annual burns.[6]
Diseases and parasites
Slugs, snails, and cutworms are known to be pests for the P. ciliaris.[1]
Conservation, cultivation, and restoration
Due to habitat loss, harvesting, and land management practices such as fire suppression, there has been a decrease in P. ciliaris. It has been listed as threatened in Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. It is also listed as endangered in Illinois, Indiana, new York, and Rhode Island. Canada is considered to be locally extinct.[1]
Cultural use
Photo Gallery
References and notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 USDA Plant Database
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Weakley, A.S. 2020. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Edition of 20 October 2020. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- ↑ URL: http://herbarium.bio.fsu.edu. Last accessed: June 2018. Collectors: R.A. Norris, Leon Neel, R.K. GOdfrey, R. Komarek, Cecil SLaughter, Steve Gatewood, DB Ward, S.S> Ward, R. Kral, O. Lakela, Lovett E. Williams, M. Morgan, Angus Gholson, Steve Orzell, Edwin Bridges, Gary Knight, Sidney McDaniel, Wilson Baker, Chris THompson, Michael J. DeVuyst, K. Craddock Burks, S.W. Leonard, Robert Thorne, A.E. Radford, R.B. Channell,, H. F. L. ROck, R.M. Schuster, Randy Warren, David M. DuMond, S. B. Jones, Jean Wooten, R.F> Chrsitensen, C.C. CHristensen, John Nelson, J.R. Burkhalter, F.R. Hedges, Rob Buda, S.L. Orzell, E.L. Bridges, P. Sheridan, L.M. Kane. States and counties: Georgia (Thomas, Ben Hill, Murray, Toombs, Colquitt) FLorida (Jefferson, CLay, Madison, Orange, Nassau, Walton, Bay, Santa Rosa, Leon, Suwannee, Highlands, Pasco, Escambia, Jackson, Jefferson) North Carolina (Alleghany Pender) Virginia (Roanoke, Brunswick, Giles) Mississippi (Perry, Lamar, Jackson, Covington, Kemper) Alabama (Cullman, Baldwin, Mobile) South Carolina (Oconee, Fairfield)
- ↑ Nelson, G. PanFlora: Plant data for the eastern United States with emphasis on the Southeastern Coastal Plains, Florida, and the Florida Panhandle. www.gilnelson.com/PanFlora/ Accessed: 24 MAY 2018
- ↑ Observation by Floyd Griffith in Washington County, Fl., August 9, 2016, posted to Florida Flora and Ecosystematics Facebook Group August 9, 2016.
- ↑ Platt, W.J., R. Carter, G. Nelson, W. Baker, S. Hermann, J. Kane, L. Anderson, M. Smith, K. Robertson. 2021. Unpublished species list of Wade Tract old-growth longleaf pine savanna, Thomasville, Georgia.
